<p>Notwithstanding its being economically important, however, small-scale gold mining has been the subject of strong opposition in recent years due to its adverse environmental and social side effects. Foremost is the mercury pollution brought about by the practice of amalgamation in gold processing.</p>
<p>Small-scale mining is a refuge of last resort to an increasing number of people because of economic necessity. Despite mercury pollution, therefore, it is here to stay. While it is a real menace, mercury pollution in smallscale mining is not irreversible. The government can do a lot to make it more health- and environment-friendly. Some of the needed actions are presented here but just like in many other aspects of governance, strong political will and moral leadership are needed to transform them into reality.</p>