The CLICO project mobilizes 14 research teams and brings together for the first time some of the world’s leading researchers in water resource, vulnerability, and peace and security studies. Eleven cases of areas where droughts or floods pose threats to human security are studied ranging from Niger, Sudan, the Jordan and Nile basins to Cyprus, Italy and the Sinai desert. A large dataset – the first of its kind – of domestic hydro-conflicts in the Mediterranean, Middle East and Sahel will be regressed against climatic, hydrological and socio-economic variables. The resilience of international treaties in the region to deal with climatic variability will be addressed and national and international policies will be evaluated, the aim being the development of a suitable international institutional framework for dealing with the human security implications of hydro-climatic hazards.